Frequent Colds: Why Some People Catch Colds Again and Again

Frequent colds affect many people, even when others around them stay healthy. New research now explains why some individuals catch colds again and again.

Doctors say this difference links to how the body reacts to viruses. Scientists published the findings in the journal Cell Press Blue.

The study explains that the rhinovirus causes most common colds. This virus enters the body through the nose.

Once the virus enters, the nose activates special immune cells. These cells trigger an antiviral defense system. This system works to stop the virus from spreading.

Researchers found that a strong antiviral response protects people from frequent colds. It also reduces how severe the symptoms become.

The study shows that the body’s response matters more than the virus itself. Some people react quickly and stop the infection early.

Scientists also confirmed that rhinovirus remains the most common cause of the common cold, even though other factors exist.

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For the study, researchers developed a lab model of the human nasal passage. They grew nasal stem cells for four weeks.

After that, they exposed these cells to the rhinovirus. They then observed how the cells reacted.

The results showed that many types of cells activated antiviral signals. These signals targeted the virus and nearby healthy cells. This process stopped the virus from spreading.

However, when this defense system failed to activate, people became sick repeatedly. This failure explained why frequent colds occur.

Researchers warned that without resistance, the virus multiplies quickly. It spreads to healthy cells. This spread increases inflammation in airways and causes breathing problems.

Experts say these findings may help improve future cold prevention strategies.

Frequent colds happen when the body fails to mount a strong antiviral response against the rhinovirus.