Scientists Watch Plant Breathing Process in Real-Time

Scientists have successfully observed the plant breathing process for the first time. This discovery offers new insights into how plants exchange air and water.

Researchers at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign recorded the activity of tiny pores in plant leaves, called stomata. These pores control air and water exchange.

The team created an advanced device that clearly shows how stomata open and close. A video captured how plants absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen and water vapor. This process is vital for plants to make food and stay alive.

Andrew Leaky from the university’s Department of Plant Biology explained that stomata open in daylight to produce food. At night or in hot, dry conditions, they close to prevent water loss. Scientists observed this behavior in real time for the first time using the new machine.

During the study, a small leaf section was placed in a controlled box where light, temperature, humidity, and airflow were monitored. This helped scientists see how plants react to different conditions.

Experts say water shortage and heat stress are major challenges for crops. This research can identify plants that survive better with less water.

Scientists believe this knowledge can help develop crops that resist drought and improve agricultural productivity.

The observation of the plant breathing process marks a major step toward smarter farming and efficient water use.